Brief description of hypertensive nephropathy

Hypertensive nephropathy of primary hypertension caused by benign arteriolar nephrosclerosis (also known as hypertension, renal arteriosclerosis) and malignant arteriolar nephrosclerosis accompanied by corresponding clinical manifestations of the disease, hypertension and renal failure.
Many perennial history of hypertension, renal tubular damage is how early in the glomerular nocturia, urinary concentration dysfunction, urine change to lighter, mild proteinuria, microscopic hematuria and tubular, often other target organ complications of hypertension.
Hypertensive nephropathy medical examination found that: said the general blood pressure increased persistent (/ Kpa / mmHg or more); some of the eyelids and / or lower extremity edema, heart border to expand; majority of arteriosclerotic retinopathy, when retinal stripe flame-shaped hemorrhage and cotton wool soft exudate in support of the malignant renal atherosclerosis, diagnosis with hypertensive encephalopathy can locate signs of nervous system.
The kidney itself is a large blood, used to filter toxins from the body, while preventing the leakage of blood vessels of protein, blood cells and other substances. High blood pressure makes the increased intravascular blood pressure can make the protein leakage, protein leakage would be the kidney's filter system to cause damage to a vicious cycle. Time long-term damage caused is difficult to reverse kidney compensatory increase until failure in advance. This is why there is hematuria terrible, terrible proteinuria. The common causes are: the incidence of hypertensive renal damage was positively correlated with the severity of hypertension and duration. Other possible factors, including gender, race, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hyperuricemia, and these factors influence each other, and further aggravate kidney damage. Men than women more susceptible to kidney damage. The age of onset of essential hypertension is generally 25 - 45 years old, and hypertension-induced kidney damage to the age of onset of clinical symptoms generally 40 - 60 years old. The earliest symptoms of nocturia increased, reflecting the the tubular already ischemic lesions in urine concentration function began to subside. And proteinuria, indicating that the glomerular lesions. The degree of proteinuria is generally mild to moderate (or), 24-hour urinary protein excretion is generally not more than 2 g, but a small number of patients with massive proteinuria. Urine sediment microscopic examination of red blood cells and tube small, individual patients due to glomerular capillary rupture transient gross hematuria. Research has shown that one ten thousandth of the development of renal failure in patients with essential hypertension, untreated hypertension in patients with reduced renal function than those without high blood pressure is obvious.
Often can be found in other organs caused by essential hypertension, cardiovascular complications, these complications may appear earlier than kidney damage, the condition is more serious, as the main or key factors influencing the prognosis. The most common cardiac complications of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy, and easy to heart failure, angina pectoris; cerebrovascular complications of cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction of cerebral vascular accident in essential hypertension cause of death ranking the first place. Essential hypertension can also cause retinal arteriosclerosis, further cause arteriosclerotic retinopathy. The degree of retinal arteriosclerosis and blood pressure is proportional to, where and diastolic blood pressure more closely. Retinal sclerosis is generally parallel with renal atherosclerosis can be broadly reflect the renal artery, it is very important to fundus examination.